The use of unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) in agriculture is gaining momentum, driven largely by the need for safer and more efficient crop protection methods. Companies such as Rotor Technologies and Pyka are leading the charge with their development of larger-scale UAS capable of precision spraying, reducing the risks associated with manned aircraft operations.
Accidents and Safety Concerns
The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) has reported numerous accidents involving agriculture operation aircraft between 2001 and 2010, including 81 fatalities. A separate report by the National Agriculture Aviation Association found nearly 640 accidents from 2014 until this month with 109 fatalities. The risks associated with manned aircraft operations are substantial, with pilots facing exposure to chemicals and hazardous flying conditions.
Emergence of Drones in Agriculture
In recent years, the proliferation of drones above farmers' fields has increased, driven by safety concerns and cost-effectiveness. The U.S. Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Research Service (USDA) notes that some 10,000 drones will be sold this year alone, providing an opening for companies like Rotor and Pyka to develop larger-scale unmanned aircraft.
Key Players: Rotor Technologies and Pyka
Rotor Technologies' autonomous electric aircraft for crop protection has gained FAA approval for commercial use. The company's helicopter features precision spraying capabilities, a remote pilot in control, and built-in contingencies should something go wrong. Meanwhile, Pyka's Pelican Spray, a fixed-wing aircraft, received FAA approval last year to fly commercially for crop protection.
Scalability Challenges
While unmanned helicopters have shown promise in reducing risks associated with manned aircraft operations, scaling up production is crucial. Rotor Technologies' CEO expects 2025 to be "production hell," as the company faces the challenge of building tens and hundreds of units at scale.
Risks and Benefits
The integration of unmanned aircraft systems into agriculture operations raises concerns about safety, particularly in densely populated areas. However, companies like Rotor Technologies have incorporated built-in contingencies to mitigate risks, such as a system that ensures the engine can be shut off and the helicopter perform a controlled landing.