The Thursday motion kicks off roughly a day's worth of debate, before a "vote-a-rama" begins. The marathon amendment votes are expected to take place at some point on Friday afternoon or evening after debate concludes.
During a vote-a-rama, senators are able to introduce an unlimited number of amendments, and many are expected to get floor votes.
After the amended budget resolution passes in the Senate, which it is expected to do at some point on Saturday, the House will need to take it up again.
This is a significant step forward for Republicans in their quest to get Trump's priorities done through the budget reconciliation process. This key budget process lowers the vote threshold in the Senate from 60 to 51, allowing the GOP to pass things without support from their Democrat counterparts. Reconciliation is considered a key tool for the Republican trifecta in Washington to get Trump's policies passed.
Early on, Republicans in the House and Senate were split on how to organize the key resolution. House Republican leaders largely preferred doing one reconciliation bill that addressed both the border and tax cuts, while Senate Republicans wanted to separate the issues into two bills.
Republicans in the lower chamber made it clear they would only accept one reconciliation bill that included border funding and tax cut extensions, as they have less room for dissent in their slim majority.
Each chamber passed their preferred resolution, but Trump's support for one bill on multiple occasions put the House's strategy over the top. Senate Republicans themselves even described their resolution as a backup plan to the House's.